TY  - JOUR
AU  - Engdahl, B.
AU  - Aarhus, L.
AU  - Lie, A.
AU  - Tambs, K.
PY  - 2015
DA  - 2015//
TI  - Cardiovascular risk factors and hearing loss: The HUNT study
T2  - International journal of audiology
JO  - Int J Audiol
SP  - 958
EP  - 966
VL  - 54
IS  - 12
CY  - a Division of Mental Health , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Nydalen , Oslo , Norway.b Natio
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - alcohol
KW  - blood lipids
KW  - blood pressure
KW  - body mass index
KW  - diabetes
KW  - hearing loss
KW  - physical activity
KW  - smoking
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present paper was to examine the association between prospectively and cross-sectionally assessed cardiovascular risk factors and hearing loss. DESIGN: Hearing was assessed by pure-tone average thresholds at low (0.25-0.5 kHz), middle (1-2 kHz), and high (3-8 kHz) frequencies. Self-reported or measured cardiovascular risk factors were assessed both 11 years before and simultaneously with the audiometric assessment. Cardiovascular risk factors were smoking, alcohol use, physical inactivity, waist circumference, body mass index, resting heart rate, blood pressure, triglycerides, total serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and diabetes. STUDY SAMPLE: A population-based cohort of 31 547 subjects. RESULTS: After adjustment for age, sex, level of education, income, recurrent ear infections, and noise exposure, risk factors associated with poorer hearing sensitivity were smoking, diabetes, physical inactivity, resting heart rate, and waist circumference. Smoking was only associated with hearing loss at high frequencies. The effects were very small, in combination explaining only 0.2-0.4% of the variance in addition to the component explained by age and the other cofactors. CONCLUSION: This cohort study indicates that, although many cardiovascular risk factors are associated with hearing loss, the effects are small and of doubtful clinical relevance.
UR  - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/14992027.2015.1090631
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1090631
DO  - 10.3109/14992027.2015.1090631
N1  - 1708-8186Engdahl, BoAarhus, LisaLie, ArveTambs, KristianN01 DC62104/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United StatesJournal ArticleResearch Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralEnglandInt J Audiol. 2015;54(12):958-66. doi: 10.3109/14992027.2015.1090631. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
ID  - Engdahl_etal2015
ER  -