@Article{Lie_etal2017,
author="Lie, A.
and Engdahl, B.
and Hoffman, H. J.
and Li, C-M
and Tambs, K.",
title="Occupational noise exposure, hearing loss, and notched audiograms in the HUNT Nord-Trondelag hearing loss study, 1996-1998",
journal="The Laryngoscope",
year="2017",
volume="127",
number="6",
pages="1442--1450",
optkeywords="Adult; Aged; 80 and over; Audiometry/*statistics {\&} numerical data; Female; Hearing Loss; Noise-Induced/*epidemiology/etiology; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Noise; Occupational/*adverse effects; Norway/epidemiology; Occupational Diseases/*epidemiology/etiology; Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects; Prevalence; Sex Distribution; Young Adult; noise-induced hearing loss; notched audiograms; occupation",
abstract="OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To study the prevalence and usefulness of audiometric notches in the diagnosis of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). STUDY DESIGN: Audiograms and data on noise exposure from 23,297 men and 26,477 women, aged 20 to 101 years, from the Nord-Trondelag Hearing Loss Study, 1996-1998. METHODS: The prevalence of four types of audiometric notches (Coles, Hoffman, Wilson) and 4 kHz notch were computed in relation to occupational noise exposure, age, sex, and report of recurrent ear infections. RESULTS: The prevalence of notches in the 3 to 6 kHz range (Wilson, Hoffman, and Coles) ranged from 50{\%} to 60{\%} in subjects without occupational noise exposure, and 60{\%} to 70{\%} in the most occupationally noise-exposed men. The differences were statistically significant only for bilateral notches. For 4 kHz notches, the prevalence varied from 25{\%} in occupationally nonexposed to 35{\%} in the most occupationally exposed men, and the differences were statistically significant for both bilateral and unilateral notches. For women, the prevalence of notches was lower than in men, especially for 4 kHz notches, and the differences between occupationally noise exposed and nonexposed were smaller. Recreational exposure to high music was not associated with notched audiograms. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of bilateral notches and unilateral 4 kHz notches is of some value in diagnosing NIHL, especially in men. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 127:1442-1450, 2017.",
optnote="PMID:27696439; PMCID:PMC5484347",
optnote="exported from refbase (http://vev.medisin.ntnu.no/refbase/show.php?record=1948), last updated on Fri, 02 Feb 2018 16:07:58 +0100",
issn="0023-852X",
doi="10.1002/lary.26256",
opturl="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27696439",
opturl="https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.26256",
language="English"
}