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Stensland, S. O., Thoresen, S., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Dyb, G. (2015). Interpersonal violence and overweight in adolescents: the HUNT Study. Scandinavian journal of public health, 43(1), 18–26.
Abstract: AIMS: Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents are major public health challenges associated with psychosocial adversity and unfavourable lifestyle. Exposure to interpersonal violence, such as sexual abuse, violence and bullying, could represent precursors, accelerating or sustaining factors. METHODS: The Young-HUNT 3 study, 2006-2008, is a population-based, cross-sectional, cohort study of Norwegian youth that includes self-report data on exposure to interpersonal violence; pubertal status and timing; socioeconomic, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors; and clinical anthropometric measures. A cohort of 10,464 adolescents aged 12-20 years from Nord-Trondelag County were invited to participate. Body mass index served as the outcome in the simple and multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS: The response rate was 72.3% (7564), and 49.9% (3777) of the respondents were girls. A robust and significant relationship between interpersonal violence and increased BMI for both genders was found. Importantly, interpersonal violence remained significantly correlated with higher BMI following adjustment for pubertal development, socioeconomic and psychosocial adversity and unfavourable lifestyle factors in both genders, although most evident in girls. Adjusted regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals) for the relationship between interpersonal violence and BMI were 0.33 (0.01, 0.65) for 1 type and 0.89 (0.37, 1.41) for 2 types, compared to no exposure in girls, and 0.40 (0.09, 0.71) for 1 type and 0.35 (-0.09, 0.79) for 2 types of interpersonal violence in boys. CONCLUSIONS: The empirical evidence of consistent associations between interpersonal violence, related psychosocial and lifestyle factors, and body fatness, indicates that these features play important roles for adolescents struggling with overweight.
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Vie, G. A., Krokstad, S., Johnsen, R., & Bjorngaard, J. H. (2013). The Health Hazards of Marriage. A cohort study of work related disability within 12,500 Norwegian couples – the HUNT Study. Scand J Public Health, 41(5), 500–507.
Abstract: AIMS: Work disability and sickness absence increase following partner's retirement, which similarities in spouses' health could explain. We therefore studied the risk of work disability within couples, taking account of baseline health, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. METHODS: A cohort of 12,511 couples from the HUNT Study (aged 20-67 years in HUNT2, 1995-1997) was linked to national registries, identifying all new cases of disability pension up until December 2007. Data were analysed with discrete time multilevel logistic regression and Cox regression models. Partners' disability pension was included as a time-varying covariate. Follow-up time was split to examine the association dependent of time. Analyses were adjusted for age only, adjusted for health, and for lifestyle and education along with health. RESULTS: About 15% of an individual's propensity to receive a disability pension could be attributed couple similarity. There was an increased risk of work disability following the spouse's disability retirement [HR (hazard ratio) 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.20-1.71) for men, HR 1.49 (95% confidence interval 1.28-1.74) for women]. The association was somewhat attenuated after adjustments for health, lifestyle and education. CONCLUSION: There was a substantial clustering of disability pensions within couples, which cannot be explained by similarities in health, lifestyle and education. This suggests partners influence each other's work ability. From a clinical perspective, the family situation needs to be taken into account when addressing health promotion and work participation.
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